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(This backgrounder has been prepared by R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company )Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Michael L. Beckman filed this lawsuit on October 9, 2002 seeking )Tj
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(monetary damages for lung cancer allegedly caused by his cigarette )Tj
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(smoking. Dr. Beckman was born on November 22, 1947 in Maryville, )Tj
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(Missouri. He graduated from Tarkio \(Mo.\) High School and subsequently \
)Tj
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(enrolled in Northwest Missouri State University. Dr. Beckman married his\
)Tj
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(first wife, Nancy Jane Van Hoozer, on June 7, 1966. Dr. Beckman )Tj
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(graduated from college in 1969 with a major in chemistry and a minor in \
)Tj
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(biology. Dr. Beckman and Nancy were divorced in 1969.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(In late 1969, Dr. Beckman enlisted in the United States Navy and enrolle\
d in )Tj
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(the Officer Candidate School with hopes of becoming a naval aviator. Dr.\
)Tj
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(Beckman was honorably discharged after approximately one month )Tj
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(because of poor vision.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman began working for the United States Postal Service in )Tj
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(Washington, D.C. as a chemist in the crime laboratory. He subsequently )Tj
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(became a Postal Inspector. As part of his duties for the Postal Service,\
Dr. )Tj
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(Beckman testified as an expert witness for the government in many crimin\
al )Tj
T*
(trials. During this time period, Dr. Beckman also took graduate level sc\
ience )Tj
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(classes at George Washington University.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman married his second wife, Mary Ellen Hoffman, on August 18, )Tj
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(1972. Dr. Beckman\222s only child, his son Jeffrey Beckman, was born in \
1975. )Tj
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(Mary Ellen Beckman and Dr. Beckman were divorced in 1978. Dr. Beckman )Tj
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(transferred to the Atlanta Division of the Postal Service and was based \
out )Tj
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(of the Albany, Ga., office. There he met Carol York, whom he married in \
)Tj
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(Orlando, FL on April 15, 1978. The couple divorced in 1979. Dr. Beckman \
)Tj
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(left the Postal Service in 1979 and went into the hot tub and spa busine\
ss in )Tj
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(Orlando, Fla., with his father. The hot tub and spa business failed in )Tj
T*
(1986. )Tj
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( )Tj
T*
(In 1987, Dr. Beckman entered Osteopathy School at the University of )Tj
T*
(Health Science in Kansas City, Mo. He graduated in 1991 with his Doctor \
of )Tj
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(Osteopathy degree and entered an internship program at Deaconess )Tj
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(Hospital in St. Louis, Mo. Dr. Beckman completed that program, before )Tj
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(enrolling in a residency program at St. Mary\222s Hospital in St. Louis.\
Dr. )Tj
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(Beckman resigned from that program after one month in 1992 for personal \
)Tj
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(reasons. In 1992, Dr. Beckman began working as an emergency room )Tj
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(physician. Dr. Beckman worked at numerous hospitals from 1992 until 2003\
. )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman received disability payments for a period of \223occupationa\
l )Tj
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(burnout\224 from May 1997 until October 1997. Dr. Beckman was unemployed\
)Tj
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(at the time of his lung cancer diagnosis. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman met his fourth wife, Debra Beckman, at one of the hospitals \
)Tj
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(where he worked in the mid-1990s. The couple wed on February 14, 1996 )Tj
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(and divorced in 2004. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman alleges that his use of the defendants\222 cigarettes caused\
him )Tj
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(to develop lung cancer. He started smoking in 1961 at the age of 14. He \
)Tj
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(stopped smoking cigarettes on June 8, 2001, the day he was diagnosed )Tj
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(with lung cancer. Dr. Beckman claims to have smoked Marlboro \(4 years\)\
, )Tj
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(Kool \(33 years\) and Raleigh \(3 years\) cigarettes. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(The plaintiff is represented by Kenneth McClain, Donald Loudon and Scott\
)Tj
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(Hall of the Independence, Mo., law firm of Humphrey, Farrington and )Tj
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(McClain, and by Gregory Leyh of the Gladstone, Mo., law firm of Leyh and\
)Tj
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(Leyh. )Tj
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(Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corporation)Tj
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(Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation \(B&W\), formerly based in )Tj
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(Louisville, Ky., manufactured the Kool, Pall Mall, GPC, Carlton, Lucky S\
trike )Tj
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(and Misty cigarette brands.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(As of July 31, 2004, B&W\222s domestic tobacco business merged with R.J.\
)Tj
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(Reynolds Tobacco Company, a New Jersey corporation, to form R.J. )Tj
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(Reynolds Tobacco Company, a North Carolina corporation. R.J. Reynolds is\
)Tj
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(a wholly-owned subsidiary of Reynolds American Inc., and is headquartere\
d )Tj
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(in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. It is the nation\222s second-largest )Tj
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(manufacturer of cigarettes. Its brands include those of the former B&W a\
s )Tj
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(well as Winston, Salem, Camel and Doral.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(Brown & Williamson is represented by Jeffrey Furr and Ursula Henninger o\
f )Tj
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(the Winston-Salem, N.C., office of Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, PLLC\
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(Philip Morris U.S.A. is the nation's largest manufacturer of cigarettes.\
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(Headquartered in New York City, its major brands include Marlboro, Basic\
, )Tj
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(Benson and Hedges, Virginia Slims and Merit. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(Philip Morris is represented by Gary Long and Laura Fey of the Kansas Ci\
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(office of Shook, Hardy & Bacon, L.L.P.)Tj
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(The Honorable W. Stephen Nixon is the trial judge.)Tj
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(EXPECTED DURATION)Tj
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(Jury selection will begin on September 12, 2005. The parties expect the \
trial )Tj
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( )Tj
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(PLAINTIFF\222S CASE)Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman alleges that his use of defendants\222 cigarette brands caus\
ed )Tj
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(him to develop lung cancer. In his petition, plaintiff asserts claims fo\
r )Tj
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(negligence, strict liability, fraudulent concealment, fraudulent )Tj
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(misrepresentation and conspiracy. In each of these five counts, the prin\
cipal )Tj
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(contention is that each defendant did not adequately warn consumers, )Tj
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(including Dr. Beckman, about the health risks of smoking. Plaintiff cont\
ends )Tj
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(that the defendant cigarette manufacturers conspired to withhold from th\
e )Tj
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(public pertinent medical and scientific data regarding the health effect\
s of )Tj
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(cigarette smoking. The plaintiff further contends that the cigarettes he\
)Tj
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(smoked were defectively designed and unreasonably dangerous. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(Dr. Beckman developed lung cancer in June of 2001 and is currently )Tj
T*
(suffering from Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis \(\223IPF\224\). Plaintiff'\
s experts are )Tj
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(expected to testify that the cancer is a primary lung cancer caused by h\
is )Tj
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(cigarette smoking. Plaintiff\222s experts are also expected to testify t\
hat Dr. )Tj
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(Beckman\222s IPF is a result of complications from his cancer surgery. \
)Tj
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( )Tj
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(Plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount in actual and punitive damages.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(DEFENDANTS\222 CASE)Tj
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( )Tj
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(The defendants deny that they acted negligently in manufacturing their )Tj
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(products, that their products are defectively designed or unreasonably )Tj
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(dangerous, that they fraudulently concealed or misrepresented the inhere\
nt )Tj
T*
(health risks of smoking and that they conspired to withhold information \
from )Tj
T*
(the public regarding the well-known health risks inherent to cigarette )Tj
T*
(smoking.)Tj
T*
( )Tj
T*
(With respect to Dr. Beckman\222s claims of defective product design, the\
)Tj
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(defendants argue that cigarettes manufactured by them presently conform,\
)Tj
T*
(and always have conformed, with the available technological, medical and\
)Tj
T*
(scientific states-of-the-art, and likewise comply and have complied with\
all )Tj
T*
(applicable government regulations. Accordingly, the plaintiff has not of\
fered )Tj
T*
(and cannot offer any evidence at any time during Dr. Beckman\222s smokin\
g )Tj
T*
(history that there was a practical and technologically feasible, safer )Tj
T*
(alternative cigarette design that would have been used by him and that )Tj
T*
(would have prevented his lung cancer.)Tj
T*
( )Tj
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(The defendants contend that, by his own admission, Dr. Beckman did not )Tj
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(rely on any representations made by the cigarette manufacturers for any \
)Tj
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(decisions he made regarding his smoking behavior.)Tj
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( )Tj
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(The defendants maintain that the potential health risks of cigarette smo\
king )Tj
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(are, and have been, common knowledge. A historian the defendants expect \
)Tj
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(to call at trial will testify to the widespread awareness of the health \
risks of )Tj
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(cigarette smoking that were known since long before Dr. Beckman began )Tj
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(smoking. Further, Dr. Beckman personally received many warnings about )Tj
T*
(the risks of smoking from his family, friends, doctors and others. Since\
)Tj
T*
(January 1, 1966, all packages of cigarettes that Dr. Beckman smoked bore\
)Tj
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(a Surgeon General\222s warning. From July 1, 1969, that warning is deeme\
d to )Tj
T*
(be adequate as a matter of law. Additionally, as of March 1972, all prin\
t )Tj
T*
(advertisements for defendants\222 cigarettes bore a label warning smoker\
s )Tj
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(about the potential harmful effects of smoking. Moreover, Dr. Beckman wa\
s )Tj
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(a practicing physician with full knowledge of the health risks of smokin\
g. In )Tj
T*
(the face of all of these warnings, Dr. Beckman continued smoking until 2\
001.)Tj
T*
( )Tj
T*
(Regarding his lung cancer, Dr. Beckman's treating physicians diagnosed D\
r. )Tj
T*
(Beckman\222s tumor as a squamous cell carcinoma in June, 2001. The )Tj
T*
(defendants' experts are expected to testify that the cancer is a primary\
lung )Tj
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(cancer of undetermined etiology. Defendants experts are also expected to\
)Tj
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(testify that Dr. Beckman\222s IPF is unrelated to either his lung cancer\
or any )Tj
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(complications of his surgery for lung cancer. )Tj
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( )Tj
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(The defendants may call one or more doctors to testify not only about th\
ese )Tj
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(medical issues, but also about the concepts of addiction, dependence, )Tj
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(habituation, and abuse. Experts will discuss the historical development \
and )Tj
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(current meanings of those concepts in public health and popular usage. I\
f )Tj
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(called, they will testify that there is nothing in cigarettes or in nico\
tine that )Tj
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(either forces a person to smoke against his will or prevents one from ma\
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(a decision to quit smoking and successfully acting upon that decision.)Tj
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(Jackson County, Mo. B&W was served with plaintiff\222s petition on Nove\
mber )Tj
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(18, 2002. B&W served its Answer on December 20, 2002.)Tj
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(Defendants filed motions in July, 2004, seeking summary judgment of )Tj
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